/*

  * Copyright 2006-2011 The Kuali Foundation

  *

  * Licensed under the Educational Community License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  * You may obtain a copy of the License at

  *

  * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/ecl2.php

  *

  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  * limitations under the License.

  */

 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

 package org.kuali.rice.core.web.format;

 // end Kuali Foundation modification

 import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;

 import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

 import org.kuali.rice.core.api.util.type.AbstractKualiDecimal;

 import org.kuali.rice.core.api.util.type.KualiDecimal;

 import org.kuali.rice.core.api.util.type.KualiInteger;

 import org.kuali.rice.core.api.util.type.KualiPercent;

 import java.io.Serializable;

 import java.lang.reflect.Array;

 import java.math.BigDecimal;

 import java.sql.Date;

 import java.sql.Timestamp;

 import java.util.ArrayList;

 import java.util.Collection;

 import java.util.Collections;

 import java.util.HashMap;

 import java.util.HashSet;

 import java.util.Iterator;

 import java.util.List;

 import java.util.Map;

 import java.util.Set;

 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

 /**

  * This is the base class for all other Formatters.

  */

 /**

  * It provides default formatting and conversion behavior for most value types, including primitives, arrays, and instances of most

  * {@link Collection}types. <code>Formatter</code> and its subclasses were designed primarily to be used by web app framework

  * components, though they can also be used in other contexts.

  * <p>

  * During request processing, the {@link PojoActionForm}uses <code>Formatter</code> instances to convert inbound request values

  * to JavaBean property types. Whenever a given value cannot be converted to its target type, the conversion method

  * {@link PropertyUtils#getProperty(Object, String)}throws a {@link FormatException}to signal this condition to the

  * calling code.

  * <p>

  * During the response phase, Struts tags make calls to the {@link PojoRequestProcessor}in order to access bean property values.

  * The <code>PojoRequestProcessor</code> then uses <code>Formatter</code> instances to format the bean values for presentation

  * in the user interface.

  * <p>

  * In either case, <code>Formatter</code> instances are obtained by calling {@link #getFormatter(Class)}, which looks in an

  * internal registry to determine which <code>Formatter</code> class to instantiate, and returns a new instance. The StrutsLive

  * framework includes a number of <code>Formatter</code> classes that are registered statically; additional

  * <code>Formatter classes can be registered at compile

  * time or at run time. 

  * <p>

  * Subclasses of <code>Formatter</code> typically override the callback methods

  * {@link #convertToObject(String)} and {@link #formatObject(Object)}, which

  * otherwise provide default conversion and formmating behavior needed for

  * atomic values (i.e., an ordinary bean property such as a <code>String</code>

  * or <code>Integer</code>, or else an element of a property typed as

  * array or Collection).

  *

  */

 // end Kuali Foundation modification

 public class Formatter implements Serializable {

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         // removed serialVersionUID and logger members

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

     static final String CREATE_MSG = "Couldn't create an instance of class ";

     // begin Kuali Foundation modification

     // registry changed from AppLocal instance to a Map

     private static Map registry = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap());

     // end Kuali Foundation modification

     protected Map settings;

     // begin Kuali Foundation modification

     // removed keypath and rootObject variables

     // end Kuali Foundation modification

     protected Class propertyType;

     static { 

             // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         registerFormatter(String.class, Formatter.class);

         registerFormatter(String[].class, Formatter.class);

         registerFormatter(AbstractKualiDecimal.class, BigDecimalFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(KualiDecimal.class, CurrencyFormatter.class); 

         registerFormatter(KualiInteger.class, KualiIntegerCurrencyFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(KualiPercent.class, PercentageFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(BigDecimal.class, BigDecimalFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Date.class, DateFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Integer.class, IntegerFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(int.class, IntegerFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(int[].class, IntegerFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Boolean.class, BooleanFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Boolean.TYPE, BooleanFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(boolean[].class, BooleanFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Long.class, LongFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Timestamp.class, DateViewTimestampObjectFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(boolean.class, LittleBooleanFormatter.class);

         registerFormatter(Collection.class, ArrayFormatter.class);

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

     }

     public static Formatter getFormatter(Class aType) {

         return getFormatter(aType, null);

     }

     // begin Kuali Foundation modification

     // param aType was valueType, comment changes, major code changes

     /**

      * Returns an instance of the Formatter class to be used to format the provided value type.

      * 

      * @param type the class of the value to be formatted

      * @param settings parameters used by subclasses to customize behavior

      * @return an instance of Formatter or one of its subclasses

      */

     public static Formatter getFormatter(Class aType, Map settings) {

             // original code: return createFormatter(formatterForType(valueType), valueType, settings);

         Class type = formatterForType(aType);

         Formatter formatter = null;

         try {

             formatter = (Formatter) type.newInstance();

         }

         catch (InstantiationException e) {

             throw new FormatException(CREATE_MSG + type, e);

         }

         catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

             throw new FormatException(CREATE_MSG + type, e);

         }

         if (settings != null)

             formatter.setSettings(Collections.unmodifiableMap(settings));

         formatter.propertyType = aType;

         return formatter;

     }

     // removed getFormatterByName, formatterClassForName, createFormatter methods

     // end Kuali Foundation modification

     /**

      * Binds the provided value type to a Formatter type. Note that a single Formatter class can be associated with more than one

      * type.

      * 

      * @param type a value type

      * @param formatterType a Formatter type

      */

     public static void registerFormatter(Class type, Class formatterType) {

         registry.put(type, formatterType);

     }

     /**

      * Returns <code>true</code> if the provided class is an array type, implements either the {@link List}or {@link Set}

      * interfaces, or is one of the Formatter classes currently registered.

      * 

      * @see registerFormatter(Class, Class)

      */

     public static boolean isSupportedType(Class type) {

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         if (type == null)

             return false;

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

         if (List.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

             return true;

         if (Set.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

             return true;

         return findFormatter(type) != null;

     }

     /**

      * Return the Formatter associated with the given type, by consulting an internal registry. Additional associations can be made

      * by calling {@link registerFormatter(Class, Class)}.

      * 

      * @return a new Formatter instance

      */

     public static Class formatterForType(Class type) {

         if (type == null)

             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Type can not be null");

         Class formatterType = findFormatter(type);

         return formatterType == null ? Formatter.class : formatterType;

     }

         // Kuali Foundation modification: comment removed

     public static Class findFormatter(Class type) {

             // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         if (type == null)

             return null;

         if (registry.containsKey(type)) {

             return (Class) registry.get(type);

         }

         Iterator typeIter = registry.keySet().iterator();

         while (typeIter.hasNext()) {

             Class currType = (Class) typeIter.next();

             if (currType.isAssignableFrom(type)) {

                 Class currFormatter = (Class) registry.get(currType);

                 registerFormatter(type, currFormatter);

                 return currFormatter;

             }

         }

         return null;

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

     }

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

     public String getImplementationClass() {

         return this.getClass().getName();

     }

     // end Kuali Foundation modification

     public Class getPropertyType() {

         return propertyType;

     }

     public void setPropertyType(Class propertyType) {

         this.propertyType = propertyType;

     }

     public Map getSettings() {

         return settings;

     }

     public void setSettings(Map settings) {

         this.settings = settings;

     }

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         // removed getKeypath, setKeyPath, getRootObject, setRootObject, hasSettingForKey, settingForKey, typeForKey, getErrorKey

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

     /**

      * begin Kuali Foundation modification

      * Returns a String representation of the given value. May be overridden by subclasses to provide customized behavior for

      * different types, though generally the callback method {@link #format(Object)}provides a better customization hook.

      * <p>

      * Provides default handling for properties typed as array or Collection. Subclass implementations of this method must invoke

      * <code>super.formatForPresentation()</code> to take advantage of this built-in behavior.

      * <p>

      * Delegates to callback method {@link formatObject}for all other types. This method in turn invokes the callback method

      * <code>format</code>, which serves as an extension point for subclasses; the default implementation simply returns its

      * argument. Overriding <code>format</code> allows subclasses to take advantage of all of the array, primitive type, and

      * Collection handling functionality provided by the base class.

      * 

      * @param value the object to be formatted

      * @return a formatted string representation of the given object

      * @see #formatObject(Object)

      * end Kuali Foundation modification

      */

     public Object formatForPresentation(Object value) {

         if (isNullValue(value))

             return formatNull();

                 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

                 // removed code

                 /*

             // TODO: add registry for non-navigable classes so there's a way to

         // disable formatting selectively for given types contained in arrays

         // or Collections.

         if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(value.getClass()))

             return formatCollection((Collection) value);

         if (propertyType != null && propertyType.isArray())

             return formatArray(value);

                 */

                 // end Kuali Foundation modification

         return formatObject(value);

     }

     /**

      * May be overridden by subclasses to provide special handling for <code>null</code> values when formatting a bean property

      * value for presentation. The default implementation simply returns <code>null</code>

      */

     protected Object formatNull() {

         return null;

     }

     /**

      * May be overridden by subclasses to provide custom formatting behavior. Provides default formatting implementation for

      * primitive types. (Note that primitive types are will always be wrapped in an array in order to be passed as an argument of

      * type <code>Object</code>).

      */

     public Object formatObject(Object value) {

         if (value == null)

             return formatNull();

         // Collections and arrays have already been handled at this point, so

         // if value is an array, assume it's a wrapper for a primitive type.

         Class<?> type = value.getClass();

         if (type.isArray())

                 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

             return ArrayUtils.toString(value, type.getComponentType());

             // end begin Kuali Foundation modification

         if (!(isSupportedType(value.getClass())))

             // begin Kuali Foundation modification

             formatBean(value);

             // end Kuali Foundation modification

         return format(value);

     }

     /**

      * If an element of the Collection isn't a supported type, assume it's a JavaBean, and format each of its properties. Returns a

      * Map containing the formatted properties keyed by property name.

      */

     protected Object formatBean(Object bean) {

         Map properties = null;

         try {

                 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

             properties = PropertyUtils.describe(bean);

             // end Kuali Foundation modification

         }

         catch (Exception e) {

             throw new FormatException("Unable to format values for bean " + bean, e);

         }

         Map formattedVals = new HashMap();

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         Iterator propIter = properties.entrySet().iterator();

         while (propIter.hasNext()) {

             Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) propIter.next();

             Object value = entry.getValue();

             if (value != null && isSupportedType(value.getClass())) {

                 Formatter formatter = getFormatter(value.getClass());

                 formattedVals.put(entry.getKey(), formatter.formatForPresentation(value));

             }

         }

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

         return formattedVals;

     }

     public Object format(Object value) {

         return value;

     }

     public Object formatArray(Object value) {

             // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         Class elementType = value.getClass().getComponentType();

         if (!isSupportedType(elementType))

             return value;

         int length = Array.getLength(value);

         Object[] formattedVals = new String[length];

         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

             Object element = Array.get(value, i);

             Object objValue = ArrayUtils.toObject(element);

             Formatter elementFormatter = getFormatter(elementType);

             formattedVals[i] = elementFormatter.formatForPresentation(objValue);

         }

         return formattedVals;

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

     }

     public Object formatCollection(Collection value) {

         List stringVals = new ArrayList();

         Iterator iter = value.iterator();

         while (iter.hasNext()) {

             Object obj = iter.next();

             Formatter formatter = getFormatter(obj.getClass());

             // begin Kuali Foundation modification

             stringVals.add(formatter.formatForPresentation(obj));

             // end Kuali Foundation modification

         }

         return stringVals.toArray();

     }

     /**

      * Returns an object representation of the provided string after first removing any extraneous formatting characters. If the

      * argument is a native array wrapping the actual value, the value is removed (unwrapped) from the array prior to invoking the

      * callback method {@link #convertToObject(String)}, which performs the actual conversion.

      * <p>

      * If the provided object is <code>null</code>, a blank <code>String</code>, or a <code>String[]</code> of length <b>0

      * </b> or that has <code>null</code> or a blank <code>String</code> in the first position, returns <code>null</code>.

      * Otherwise, If the destination property is a <code>Collection</code>, returns an instance of that type containing the

      * string values of the array elements.

      * <p>

      * If the provided object is an array, uses a Formatter corresponding to the array's component type to convert each of its

      * elements, and returns a new array containing the converted values.

      * 

      * May be overidden by subclasses to customize conversion, though ordinarily {@link #convertToObject(String)}is a better choice

      * since it takes advantage of <code>convertFromPresentationFormat</code>'s built-in behavior.

      * 

      * @param value the string value to be converted

      * @return the object value corresponding to the provided string value

      * @see convertToObject(String)

      */

     public Object convertFromPresentationFormat(Object value) {

         if (isEmptyValue(value))

             return getNullObjectValue();

         Class type = value.getClass();

         boolean isArray = propertyType != null && propertyType.isArray();

         boolean isCollection = propertyType != null && Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(propertyType);

         if (!(isArray || isCollection)) {

             value = unwrapString(value);

             return convertToObject((String) value);

         }

         String[] strings = type.isArray() ? (String[]) value : new String[] { (String) value };

         return isArray ? convertToArray(strings) : convertToCollection(strings);

     }

     /**

      * May be overridden by subclasses to provide special handling for <code>null</code> values when converting from presentation

      * format to a bean property type. The default implementation simply returns <code>null</code>

      */

     protected Object getNullObjectValue() {

         return null;

     }

     /**

      * May be orverridden by subclasses to customize its behavior. The default implementation simply trims and returns the provided

      * string.

      */

     protected Object convertToObject(String string) {

         return string == null ? null : string.replace( "\r\n", "\n" ).trim();        

     }

     /**

      * Converts an array of strings to a Collection type corresponding to the value of <code>propertyType</code>. Since we don't

      * have type information for the elements of the collection, no attempt is made to convert the elements from <code>String</code>

      * to other types. However, subclasses can override this method if they need to provide the ability to convert the elements to a

      * given type.

      */

     protected Collection convertToCollection(String[] strings) {

         Collection collection = null;

         Class type = propertyType;

         if (propertyType.isAssignableFrom(List.class))

             type = ArrayList.class;

         else if (propertyType.isAssignableFrom(Set.class))

             type = HashSet.class;

         try {

             collection = (Collection) type.newInstance();

         }

         catch (Exception e) {

             throw new FormatException(CREATE_MSG + propertyType, e);

         }

         for (int i = 0; i < strings.length; i++)

             collection.add(strings[i]);

         return collection;

     }

     /**

      * Converts an array of strings to an array of objects by calling {@link #convertToObject(String)}on each element of the

      * provided array in turn, using instances of a Formatter class that corresponds to this Formatter's property type.

      * 

      * @see #propertyType

      */

     protected Object convertToArray(String[] strings) {

         Class type = propertyType.getComponentType();

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         Formatter formatter = getFormatter(type);

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

         Object array = null;

         try {

             array = Array.newInstance(type, strings.length);

         }

         catch (Exception e) {

             throw new FormatException(CREATE_MSG + type, e);

         }

         for (int i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {

             Object value = formatter.convertToObject(strings[i]);

             // begin Kuali Foundation modification

             ArrayUtils.setArrayValue(array, type, value, i);

             // end Kuali Foundation modification

         }

         return array;

     }

     public static String unwrapString(Object target) {

         if (target.getClass().isArray()) {

             String wrapper[] = (String[]) target;

             return wrapper.length > 0 ? wrapper[0] : null;

         }

                 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         // if target object is null, return a null String

         else if (target == null) {

             return new String();

         }

         // otherwise, return the string value of the object, with the hope

         // that the toString() has been meaningfully overriden

         else {

             return target.toString();

         }

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

     }

     public static boolean isNullValue(Object obj) {

         if (obj == null)

             return true;

                 // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         if ((obj instanceof String) && StringUtils.isEmpty((String) obj))

             return true;

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

         return false;

     }

     public static boolean isEmptyValue(Object obj) {

         if (obj == null)

             return true;

         // begin Kuali Foundation modification

         if ((obj instanceof String) && StringUtils.isEmpty((String) obj))

             return true;

         // end Kuali Foundation modification

         Class type = obj.getClass();

         if (type.isArray()) {

             Class compType = type.getComponentType();

             if (compType.isPrimitive())

                 return false;

             if (((Object[]) obj).length == 0)

                 return true;

             if (((Object[]) obj)[0] == null)

                 return true;

             if (String.class.isAssignableFrom(compType)) {

                     // begin Kuali Foundation modification

                 return StringUtils.isEmpty(((String[]) obj)[0]);

                 // end Kuali Foundation modification

             }

         }

         return false;

     }

     /**

      * begin Kuali Foundation modification

      * This class sets the value of an element of an array of primitives at the supplied index.

      * end Kuali Foundation modification

      * @author Kuali Rice Team (rice.collab@kuali.org)

      */

     protected static final class ArrayUtils {

         private ArrayUtils() {

             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("do not call");

         }

         /**

          * Sets the value of an element of an array of primitives at the supplied index.

          *

          * @param array An array.

          * @param type The component type of the array.

          * @param index An array index.

          */

         public static void setArrayValue(Object array, Class type, Object value, int index) {

             if (!type.isPrimitive())

                 Array.set(array, index, value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Boolean.TYPE))

                 Array.setBoolean(array, index, (Boolean) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Character.TYPE))

                 Array.setChar(array, index, (Character) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Byte.TYPE))

                 Array.setByte(array, index, (Byte) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Integer.TYPE))

                 Array.setInt(array, index, (Integer) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Short.TYPE))

                 Array.setShort(array, index, (Short) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Long.TYPE))

                 Array.setLong(array, index, (Long) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Float.TYPE))

                 Array.setFloat(array, index, (Float) value);

             else if (type.isAssignableFrom(Double.TYPE))

                 Array.setDouble(array, index, (Double) value);

         }

         public static Object toObject(Object value) {

             if (!value.getClass().isArray())

                 return value;

             Class type = value.getClass().getComponentType();

             if (Array.getLength(value) == 0)

                 return null;

             if (!type.isPrimitive())

                 return Array.get(value, 0);

             if (boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Array.getBoolean(value, 0);

             if (char.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Character(Array.getChar(value, 0));

             if (byte.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Byte(Array.getByte(value, 0));

             if (int.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Integer(Array.getInt(value, 0));

             if (long.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Long(Array.getLong(value, 0));

             if (short.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Short(Array.getShort(value, 0));

             if (double.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Double(Array.getDouble(value, 0));

             if (float.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return new Float(Array.getFloat(value, 0));

             return null;

         }

         public static Object toString(Object array, Class type) {

             if (boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Boolean.toString(((boolean[]) array)[0]);

             if (char.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Character.toString(((char[]) array)[0]);

             if (byte.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Byte.toString(((byte[]) array)[0]);

             if (int.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Integer.toString(((int[]) array)[0]);

             if (long.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Long.toString(((long[]) array)[0]);

             if (short.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Short.toString(((short[]) array)[0]);

             if (double.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Double.toString(((double[]) array)[0]);

             if (float.class.isAssignableFrom(type))

                 return Float.toString(((float[]) array)[0]);

             return ((String[]) array)[0];

         }

     }

 }